Pop-up advertisements experienced pop ads geo targeting a remarkable ascension in the late 1990s and early 2000s, initially offering a seemingly easy way for businesses to reach a vast audience. Driven by their instant visibility, these intrusive boxes became ubiquitous across the internet , generating substantial earnings for publishers and promot

The pervasive nature of ad fraud poses a significant challenge to the digital advertising industry. This comparative analysis investigates the diverse tactics employed by fraudsters and reveals their effects on advertisers, publishers, and consumers. By evaluating various deceptive practices across different platforms and geographies, this study ai